Baker&#39;s oven



Nov. 29, 1932. P. J, CAMPBELL BAKER S OVEN Filed March 24, 1932 nnn" 1 14 INVENTOR. z'ccZ'afzzja@ ZZ A TTORNEYS.

Patented Nov. 29, 1932 PATENT OFFICE PATRICK J. cAMrBELL, or NEWARK, NEW JERSEYv BAKERS OVEN Application mea March 24, 1982. 'serial No. 600,888.

This invention relates to bakers ovens and more particularly toan oven of this character having its lower arch constituting the top of the baking chamber of an improved con- 5 struction. 1 y

Oneobject of the invention is to so construct the arch that it will be very strong and well supported and expansion and contraction caused by variations in temperature prevented from forming cracks which'would allow coal gas toenterthe baking chamber and also result in particles of brick and cement 1dropping upon bread and cake in the cham- Another object of the invention is to provide an arch formed of bricks and supporting beams so constructed that the bricks may have their ends which rest upon the beams interlocked therewith and thereby held in proper relation to the beams and each other. f

Another object of the invention is to so form the beams that they will be Iof an exact duplicate construction and eachV have its end portions extending at the same angle from its longitudinally curvedintermediate portion. Thus the arch which is of a turtle-back construction will be symmetrically formed.

Another object of the invention is `to so form bricks or blocks used when building the arch that while they will be prevented from 'slipping out of engagement with the supporting beams they may have movement necessary when expansion and contraction take place. Still another object of the invention resides in providing` aconstruction which is simple and durable, inexpensive to manufacture and one which will be very eflicient in use.

YWith these and numerous other objects in view, my invention consists in the novel features of construction, combination and `arrangement of part-s as will be hereinafter referred to and more particularly pointed out in the specification and claims.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanylng drawing wherein:

Figure 1 is a View showing an oven of the improved construction partly in side elevation and partly in longitudinal section.

Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken "transversely through the oven along the line 2 2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged. fragmentary sectionl view taken along the line 8-3 of Fig- 55 ure Figure 4 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section of one of the beams before being bent.

Figure '5 is a top plan view of the beam 6o shown in Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a side elevation of the beam after being bent.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of one of the bricks or blocks from which the arch is formed. i In describing the invention, I shall refer to the drawing in which similar reference characters designate corresponding partsthroughout the several views. f

The oven 1 has the usual side wall 2, front and rear walls 3 and 4, top 5, and upper arch `6 which defines a heat,` chamber 7 the lower arch 8. The lower arch constitutes the upper wall or roof ofthe baking chamber 9 which is 75 provided with the usual entrance 10 and heat inlet and by referring to the drawing it will be seen that the applicants invention resides in the construction of the lower arch.

This arch is of turtle-back type and is formed of bricks orblocksll supported upon beams l2 extending transversely of the oven between side walls thereof with their ends anchored in the side walls as shown in Figure 2. The bricks are arranged in rows eX- tending transversely of the arch between the beams and the bricks of each row have their ends resting upon and interengaged with the beams so that they will be held in place and held in proper relation to each other and relil tained in alignment with corresponding bricks of adjoining rows.

- Each beam is formed as shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6 and referring to these figures it will be seen that the beam is formed of channel iron which is U-shaped in cross section. At an equal distance from each end of the beam, V-shaped notches 13 are formed in side fianges .of the beam thereby permitting end portions 14 of the beam to be easily bent and form feet which are of the same length and project from ends of the longitudinally curved intermediate portion of the beam in a common plane and at the same angle to the intermediate portion. By this arrangement all of the beams will be of the same formation and when they are set in place with their ends embedded in the side walls of the oven va skeleton framework of a symmetrical construction will be formedfor the arch.

The bricks or blocks may be formed of clay, cement or any other material desired and each is oblong in shape and of sufficient length to extend from the center of one beam to the center ofthe next beam. Grooves 15 are formed across the under face of each block at equal distances from its ends and referring to Figure 3 it will be seen that each groove increases inrwidth towards the bottom of the block and has an inner side wall cut parallel to the end of the block and an outer side wall cutk diagonallyA and diverging outwardly. 'Therefore when the blocks are set in place between the beams with their ends overlapping the beams, side flanges of the beams will engage in the grooves and ends of the blocks will rest upon the beams between the side flanges. This will cause the blocks to be held in'place upon the beams in interengaged relation thereto and the blocks will be prevented from slipping out of their proper positions relative to thev beams and each other. The Vblocks will not only be well supported but will be so held that an arch having even surfaces and of an even thickness will be formed and also expansion and contraction due to changes in temperature willl be permitted without cracks being formed in the arch which would permit coal gas to enter the baking chamber or particles of cement orbrick dropping down into the baking'chamber upon cake or bread.

I have therefore provided a bakers oven having a lowerV arch of an improved construction which is very strong and self vsupporting and will not be liable to crack due to expansion and contraction.

'From the foregoing description of the construction of my improved apparatus, the aplplication of the same'to use will be readily understood. It will be seenl that I have provided a simple, inexpensive and efficient means'for carrying out lthe objects of the in vention. v

While I have particularly described the elements best adapted to perform the functions set forth, it is obvious that various changes in form, proportion and in the minor details of construction may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the principles of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. A bakers oven comprising a body having a baking chamber therein and an arch constituting a roof for the baking chamber, 7 said arch comprising beams U-shaped in cross section and extending transversely of the arch with their ends embedded in side walls` of the body and their side flanges projecting upwardly, and blocks between the beams ex- S tending longitudinally of the body and having abutting ends resting upon the beams between side flanges thereof and end portions of the blocks interlocked with side flanges of the beams to prevent movement of the blocks 8.

longitudinally of the body and hold the blocks in proper relation tothe beams and each other. v

2. A bakers oven comprising a body having a baking chamber therein and an arch 9 constituting a roof for the baking chamber, said arch comprising beams U-shaped in cross section and extending transversely of the arch with their ends embedded in side walls of the body, and blocks between the beams 9 having their ends resting upon the beams and formed across their under faces with` grooves receiving side flanges of the beams to interlock the blocks with the beams and retain the blocks upon the beams in proper relation to each other.

3. A bakers oven comprising a body having a baking chamber therein and an arch constituting a roof for the baking chamber, said arch comprising beams U-shaped in cross 1 section and extending transversely of the arch with their ends embedded in side walls of the body, and blocks between the beams having their ends resting upon the beams and formed across their under faces with grooves receiv- 1 ing side flanges of the beams to interlock the blocks with the beams said grooves extending the full width of the block and increasing in width towards the bottom thereof and each having an inner side wall cut at right angles 1 to the longitudinal axis of the block and an inner side wall cut at an incline and diverging outwardly from the inner wall whereby flanges of the beams may firmly hold the blocks in engagement with the beams and the l blocks be permitted to expand and contract without cracking the arch.

4. A bakers oven comprising a body having a baking chamber therein and an arch constituting a roof for the baking chamber, said arch comprising beams U-shaped in cross section` and extending transversely of the arch with their ends embedded in side walls of the body, and blocks between the beams having their ends resting upon the beams and 1 engaged With the side flanges thereof to hold the blocks in proper relation to the beams and each other, each beam being formed from a U-bar having V-shaped notches formed in its side flanges at equal distances from its, ends whereby the intermediate portion of the bar between the notches may be bowed 1ongitudinally and end portions of the bar bent to close the notches and form anchoring feet extending in the same plane and at the same angle to the bowed intermediate portion.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

PATRICK J. CAMPBELL. 

